FPGA ALARM FPGA多功能闹钟 完整项目 内含上位机
一、项目简述
本项目使用苏州硬禾信息科技有限公司设计的小脚丫FPGA开发板设计了一个完成定时、测温、报警、控制的小项目，并通过上位机显示、下发音乐配置数据。
本项目B站介绍：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Vh411k7QV/
二、研究进展
（一）研究内容：
l 实现一个可定时时钟的功能，用小脚丫FPGA核心模块的4个按键设置当前的时间，OLED显示数字钟的当前时间，精确到分钟即可，到整点的时候比如8:00，蜂鸣器报警，播放音频信号，最长可持续30秒；
l 实现温度计的功能，小脚丫通过板上的温度传感器实时测量环境温度，并同时间一起显示在OLED的屏幕上；
l 定时时钟整点报警的同时，将温度信息通过UART传递到电脑上，电脑上能够显示当前板子上的温度信息（任何显示形式都可以），要与OLED显示的温度值一致；
l PC收到报警的温度信号以后，将一段音频文件（自己制作，持续10秒钟左右）通过UART发送给小脚丫FPGA，蜂鸣器播放收到的这段音频文件，OLED屏幕上显示的时间信息和温度信息都停住不再更新；
l 音频文件播放完毕，OLED开始更新时间信息和当前的温度信息
（二）研究方法
l 查找资料，从原理层研究如何实现功能。
l 比较、寻找能够符合项目需求的方案。
l 自顶向下编程实现功能。
l 综合测试系统性能和参数。
l 开发上位机软件，根据需求显示数据并下发音乐数据
（三）取得的成果
项目需求全部实现，软件开发也已完成。
图2.1 上位机助手截图
图2.2 开发板演示照片
（四）核心代码展示
//========================================================================== // Author: ChanRa1n // Description: Alarm for Step Training Board with Step-max10 // Web: www.myfpga.cn //========================================================================== module clock(clk_in,data_time_a,data_time_b,data_time_c,data_time_d,pause,tone_en,tone,rx_Sig,rx_data,key);//总程序 input clk_in; //OLED //时间按照AB:CD的格式 output reg [3:0] data_time_a; output reg [3:0] data_time_b; output reg [3:0] data_time_c; output reg [3:0] data_time_d; inout reg pause;//暂停更新标志位 //PWM output reg tone_en; //蜂鸣器使能信号 output reg [4:0] tone; //蜂鸣器音节控制 //UART input [1:0] rx_Sig;//00内置音乐 11开始 10结束 input [7:0] rx_data; //private reg[5:0] time_min; reg[5:0] time_hour; reg[8:0] time_sec; reg[8:0] pwm_sec; //KEY input [3:0] key;//按键 initial begin //OLED //时间按照AB:CD的格式 data_time_a = 0; data_time_b = 5; data_time_c = 5; data_time_d = 9; //计时自05:59:50开始 time_sec = 250; time_min = 59; time_hour = 5; pause = 0; //PWM tone_en=0; tone=1; pwm_sec = 0; end always @(posedge clk_in) begin //过去了0.2s，增加计数 //时间按照AB:CD的格式 time_sec<=time_sec+1; if(time_sec>=300) begin time_sec<=0; time_min<=time_min+1; end if(time_min>=60) begin time_min<=0; time_hour<=time_hour+1; end if(time_hour>=24) begin time_hour<=0; end //检测按键 if(!key[0])time_hour<=time_hour+1; if(!key[1])time_hour<=time_hour-1; if(!key[2])time_min<=time_min+1; if(!key[3])time_min<=time_min-1; //刷新显示 //时间按照AB:CD的格式 data_time_a <= time_hour/10; data_time_b <= time_hour%10; data_time_c <= time_min/10; data_time_d <= time_min%10; //整点到 if(time_min==0 && time_sec==1)pause<=1;//如果分钟为0，并且秒数为0 if(pause && rx_Sig==2'b0)//使用内置音乐模式 begin if(pause) begin tone_en<=1;//准备唱歌了 pwm_sec<=pwm_sec+1;//增加0.2秒 end if(pwm_sec%5==0 && tone_en==1)//过去一秒 begin tone<=(tone<=5'd21)?tone+1:1;//瞧这美丽动听的音乐 //咱也是有音乐细菌的 end else if(pwm_sec>=35 && tone_en==1)//过去七秒，想要唱多久，此处就改为秒数*5 begin tone_en<=0;//咱别唱了 pause <=0;//继续计时 pwm_sec<=0;//为下次计时做准备 end end if(pause && rx_Sig==2'b11)//串口开始 begin tone_en<=1; tone[4:0]<=rx_data[4:0]; end if(pause && rx_Sig==2'b10)//串口结束 begin tone_en<=0; tone<=0; pause<=0; end end Endmodule
该代码主要用于计时，并与蜂鸣器、串口、温度传感器进行通信。并没有采用严格的面向对象和模块化开发，降低了开发的难度和周期。
module uart_t( clk, //12Mhz C1 tx, //ouptut TX_En_Sig, data_tx, TX_Done_Sig ); input clk; output reg tx; input [7:0]data_tx; reg [7:0]data_temp; input TX_En_Sig; output reg TX_Done_Sig; //-------------------波特率控制------------ wire bps_start; reg [3:0] tx_num; // 2^4-1=15 always@(posedge clk) begin if(tx_num==10) TX_Done_Sig<=1'b0; end assign bps_start = TX_En_Sig; //------------------产生波特率-------------- //9600 parameter bps_cnt=1250; //12Mhz / 9600 = 12.5 parameter bps_cnt_half=625; reg [12:0] cnt; always@(posedge clk) begin if(cnt==bps_cnt) cnt<=13'b0; else if(bps_start) cnt<=cnt+1'b1; else cnt<=13'b0; end //---------------------发送数据-------------- //transport always@(posedge clk) begin if(cnt==bps_cnt_half) begin if(TX_En_Sig && data_temp!=data_tx) begin tx_num<=tx_num+1'b1; case(tx_num) 0:tx<=1'b0; 1:tx<=data_tx[0]; 2:tx<=data_tx[1]; 3:tx<=data_tx[2]; 4:tx<=data_tx[3]; 5:tx<=data_tx[4]; 6:tx<=data_tx[5]; 7:tx<=data_tx[6]; 8:tx<=data_tx[7]; 9:tx<=1'b1; endcase end else tx<=1'b1; end else if(tx_num==10) begin tx_num<=4'b0; data_temp<=data_tx; end end endmodule
串口发送模块，将时间、温度信息发送给上位机。
module uart_r( clk, //12Mhz rst_n, //reset rx, //input rx_data, rx_Sig ); input clk,rst_n; input rx; output reg [7:0] rx_data; output reg [1:0] rx_Sig;//00内置音乐 11开始 10结束 initial begin rx_Sig<=2'b0; end //-----------------检测是否有数据来-------- //边沿检测 wire rx_start; reg rx1; always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) rx1<=1'b0; else rx1<=rx; end assign rx_start = ~rx & rx1; //-------------------波特率控制------------ wire bps_start; reg bps_start_rx; reg [3:0] rx_num; always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin bps_start_rx<=1'b0; end else if(rx_start) bps_start_rx<=1'b1; //接收完数据后 开始发送数据 else if(rx_num==10) begin bps_start_rx<=1'b0; end end assign bps_start = bps_start_rx; //------------------产生波特率-------------- //9600 parameter bps_cnt=1250; //50Mhz / 9600 = 5208.3...... parameter bps_cnt_half=625; reg [12:0] cnt; always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) cnt<=13'b0; else if(cnt==bps_cnt) cnt<=13'b0; else if(bps_start) cnt<=cnt+1'b1; else cnt<=13'b0; end //---------------------接收数据-------------- //receive always@(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin if(!rst_n) begin rx_num<=4'b0; rx_data<=8'b0; end else if(cnt==bps_cnt_half) begin if(bps_start_rx) begin rx_num<=rx_num+1'b1; case(rx_num) 1:rx_data[0]<=rx; 2:rx_data[1]<=rx; 3:rx_data[2]<=rx; 4:rx_data[3]<=rx; 5:rx_data[4]<=rx; 6:rx_data[5]<=rx; 7:rx_data[6]<=rx; 8:rx_data[7]<=rx; 9:begin if(rx_data==0) rx_Sig<=2'b10;else rx_Sig<=2'b11; end//如果收到了串口信息，则代表使用串口音乐 endcase end end else if(rx_num==10) rx_num<=4'b0; end endmodule
串口接收模块，用于将上位机发送的音乐配置信息发送至Clock模块，并产生声音。
module oled
(
inputClkIn,//12MHz系统时钟
inputrst_n,//系统复位，低有效
input[3:0]data_time_a,
input[3:0]data_time_b,
input[3:0]data_time_c,
input[3:0]data_time_d,
input[3:0]data_temp_a,
input[3:0]data_temp_b,
input[3:0]data_temp_c,
inputpause,//暂停更新标志位
//outputoled_busy,//没有设置显示忙标志位，因为刷新频率很高，看不到影响
//利用OLED RAM暂存，依次刷新数据
outputregOledCs,//OLCD液晶屏使能
outputregOledRes,//OLCD液晶屏复位
outputregOledDc,//OLCD数据指令控制
outputregOledClk,//OLCD时钟信号
outputregOledDin//OLCD数据信号
);
localparam INIT_DEPTH = 16'd25; //LCD初始化的命令的数量
localparam IDLE = 6'h1, MAIN = 6'h2, INIT = 6'h4, SCAN = 6'h8, WRITE = 6'h10, DELAY = 6'h20;
localparam HIGH= 1'b1, LOW = 1'b0;
localparam DATA= 1'b1, CMD = 1'b0;
reg [7:0] cmd [24:0];
reg [39:0] mem [122:0];
reg[7:0]y_p, x_ph, x_pl;
reg[(8*21-1):0] char;
reg[7:0]num, char_reg;//
reg[4:0]cnt_main, cnt_init, cnt_scan, cnt_write;
reg[15:0]num_delay, cnt_delay, cnt;
reg[5:0] state, state_back;
always@(posedge ClkIn or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n)
begin
cnt_main <= 1'b0; cnt_init <= 1'b0; cnt_scan <= 1'b0; cnt_write <= 1'b0;
y_p <= 1'b0; x_ph <= 1'b0; x_pl <= 1'b0;
num <= 1'b0; char <= 1'b0; char_reg <= 1'b0;
num_delay <= 16'd5; cnt_delay <= 1'b0; cnt <= 1'b0;
OledCs <= HIGH; OledRes <= HIGH; OledDc <= CMD; OledClk <= HIGH; OledDin <= LOW;
state <= IDLE; state_back <= IDLE;
end
else
begin
case(state)
IDLE:begin
cnt_main <= 1'b0; cnt_init <= 1'b0; cnt_scan <= 1'b0; cnt_write <= 1'b0;
y_p <= 1'b0; x_ph <= 1'b0; x_pl <= 1'b0;
num <= 1'b0; char <= 1'b0; char_reg <= 1'b0;
num_delay <= 16'd5; cnt_delay <= 1'b0; cnt <= 1'b0;
OledCs <= HIGH; OledRes <= HIGH; OledDc <= CMD; OledClk <= HIGH; OledDin <= LOW;
state <= MAIN; state_back <= MAIN;
end
MAIN:begin
if(cnt_main >= 5'd11) cnt_main <= 5'd5;
else cnt_main <= cnt_main + 1'b1;
case(cnt_main)//MAIN状态
5'd0:begin state <= INIT; end
5'd1:begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= " FPGA ALARM ";state <= SCAN; end
5'd2:begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= " : ";state <= SCAN; end
5'd3:begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= " . * ";state <= SCAN; end
5'd4:begin y_p <= 8'hb3; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "MyFPGA ChanRa1n";state <= SCAN; end
5'd5:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_time_a; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd6:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_time_b; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd7:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_time_c; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd8:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h15; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_time_d; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd9:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_temp_a; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd10:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_temp_b; state <= SCAN; end end
5'd11:begin if(!pause) begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd 1; char <= data_temp_c; state <= SCAN; end end
default: state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
INIT:begin//初始化状态
case(cnt_init)
5'd0:begin OledRes <= LOW; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end//复位有效
5'd1:begin num_delay <= 16'd25000; state <= DELAY; state_back <= INIT; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end//延时大于3us
5'd2:begin OledRes <= HIGH; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end//复位恢复
5'd3:begin num_delay <= 16'd25000; state <= DELAY; state_back <= INIT; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end//延时大于220us
5'd4:begin
if(cnt>=INIT_DEPTH) begin//当25条指令及数据发出后，配置完成
cnt <= 1'b0;
cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1;
end else begin
cnt <= cnt + 1'b1; num_delay <= 16'd5;
OledDc <= CMD; char_reg <= cmd[cnt]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= INIT;
end
end
5'd5:begin cnt_init <= 1'b0; state <= MAIN; end//初始化完成，返回MAIN状态
default: state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
SCAN:begin//刷屏状态，从RAM中读取数据刷屏
if(cnt_scan == 5'd11) begin
if(num) cnt_scan <= 5'd3;
else cnt_scan <= cnt_scan + 1'b1;
end else if(cnt_scan == 5'd12) cnt_scan <= 1'b0;
else cnt_scan <= cnt_scan + 1'b1;
case(cnt_scan)
5'd 0:begin OledDc <= CMD; char_reg <= y_p; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//定位列页地址
5'd 1:begin OledDc <= CMD; char_reg <= x_pl; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//定位行地址低位
5'd 2:begin OledDc <= CMD; char_reg <= x_ph; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//定位行地址高位
5'd 3:begin num <= num - 1'b1;end
5'd 4:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//将5*8点阵编程8*8
5'd 5:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//将5*8点阵编程8*8
5'd 6:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end//将5*8点阵编程8*8
5'd 7:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][39:32]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
5'd 8:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][31:24]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
5'd 9:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][23:16]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
5'd10:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][15: 8]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
5'd11:begin OledDc <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][ 7: 0]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
5'd12:begin state <= MAIN; end
default: state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
WRITE:begin//WRITE状态，将数据按照SPI时序发送给屏幕
if(cnt_write >= 5'd17) cnt_write <= 1'b0;
else cnt_write <= cnt_write + 1'b1;
case(cnt_write)
5'd 0:begin OledCs <= LOW; end//9位数据最高位为命令数据控制位
5'd 1:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[7]; end//先发高位数据
5'd 2:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd 3:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[6]; end
5'd 4:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd 5:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[5]; end
5'd 6:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd 7:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[4]; end
5'd 8:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd 9:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[3]; end
5'd10:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd11:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[2]; end
5'd12:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd13:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[1]; end
5'd14:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd15:begin OledClk <= LOW; OledDin <= char_reg[0]; end//后发低位数据
5'd16:begin OledClk <= HIGH; end
5'd17:begin OledCs <= HIGH; state <= DELAY; end//
default: state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
DELAY:begin//延时状态
if(cnt_delay >= num_delay) begin
cnt_delay <= 16'd0; state <= state_back;
end else cnt_delay <= cnt_delay + 1'b1;
end
default:state <= IDLE;
endcase
end
end
//OLED配置指令数据
always@(posedge rst_n)
begin
cmd[ 0] = {8'hae};
cmd[ 1] = {8'h00};
cmd[ 2] = {8'h10};
cmd[ 3] = {8'h00};
cmd[ 4] = {8'hb0};
cmd[ 5] = {8'h81};
cmd[ 6] = {8'hff};
cmd[ 7] = {8'ha1};
cmd[ 8] = {8'ha6};
cmd[ 9] = {8'ha8};
cmd[10] = {8'h1f};
cmd[11] = {8'hc8};
cmd[12] = {8'hd3};
cmd[13] = {8'h00};
cmd[14] = {8'hd5};
cmd[15] = {8'h80};
cmd[16] = {8'hd9};
cmd[17] = {8'h1f};
cmd[18] = {8'hda};
cmd[19] = {8'h00};
cmd[20] = {8'hdb};
cmd[21] = {8'h40};
cmd[22] = {8'h8d};
cmd[23] = {8'h14};
cmd[24] = {8'haf};
end
//5*8点阵字库数据
always@(posedge rst_n)
begin
mem[ 0] = {8'h3E, 8'h51, 8'h49, 8'h45, 8'h3E}; // 48 0
mem[ 1] = {8'h00, 8'h42, 8'h7F, 8'h40, 8'h00}; // 49 1
mem[ 2] = {8'h42, 8'h61, 8'h51, 8'h49, 8'h46}; // 50 2
mem[ 3] = {8'h21, 8'h41, 8'h45, 8'h4B, 8'h31}; // 51 3
mem[ 4] = {8'h18, 8'h14, 8'h12, 8'h7F, 8'h10}; // 52 4
mem[ 5] = {8'h27, 8'h45, 8'h45, 8'h45, 8'h39}; // 53 5
mem[ 6] = {8'h3C, 8'h4A, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h30}; // 54 6
mem[ 7] = {8'h01, 8'h71, 8'h09, 8'h05, 8'h03}; // 55 7
mem[ 8] = {8'h36, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h36}; // 56 8
mem[ 9] = {8'h06, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h29, 8'h1E}; // 57 9
mem[ 10] = {8'h7C, 8'h12, 8'h11, 8'h12, 8'h7C}; // 65 A
mem[ 11] = {8'h7F, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h36}; // 66 B
mem[ 12] = {8'h3E, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h22}; // 67 C
mem[ 13] = {8'h7F, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h22, 8'h1C}; // 68 D
mem[ 14] = {8'h7F, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h41}; // 69 E
mem[ 15] = {8'h7F, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h01}; // 70 F
mem[ 32] = {8'h00, 8'h00, 8'h00, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 32 sp
mem[ 33] = {8'h00, 8'h00, 8'h2f, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 33 !
mem[ 34] = {8'h00, 8'h07, 8'h00, 8'h07, 8'h00}; // 34
mem[ 35] = {8'h14, 8'h7f, 8'h14, 8'h7f, 8'h14}; // 35 #
mem[ 36] = {8'h24, 8'h2a, 8'h7f, 8'h2a, 8'h12}; // 36 $
mem[ 37] = {8'h62, 8'h64, 8'h08, 8'h13, 8'h23}; // 37 %
mem[ 38] = {8'h36, 8'h49, 8'h55, 8'h22, 8'h50}; // 38 &
mem[ 39] = {8'h00, 8'h05, 8'h03, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 39 '
mem[ 40] = {8'h00, 8'h1c, 8'h22, 8'h41, 8'h00}; // 40 (
mem[ 41] = {8'h00, 8'h41, 8'h22, 8'h1c, 8'h00}; // 41 )
mem[ 42] = {8'h14, 8'h08, 8'h3E, 8'h08, 8'h14}; // 42 *
mem[ 43] = {8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h3E, 8'h08, 8'h08}; // 43 +
mem[ 44] = {8'h00, 8'h00, 8'hA0, 8'h60, 8'h00}; // 44 ,
mem[ 45] = {8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h08}; // 45 -
mem[ 46] = {8'h00, 8'h60, 8'h60, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 46 .
mem[ 47] = {8'h20, 8'h10, 8'h08, 8'h04, 8'h02}; // 47 /
mem[ 48] = {8'h3E, 8'h51, 8'h49, 8'h45, 8'h3E}; // 48 0
mem[ 49] = {8'h00, 8'h42, 8'h7F, 8'h40, 8'h00}; // 49 1
mem[ 50] = {8'h42, 8'h61, 8'h51, 8'h49, 8'h46}; // 50 2
mem[ 51] = {8'h21, 8'h41, 8'h45, 8'h4B, 8'h31}; // 51 3
mem[ 52] = {8'h18, 8'h14, 8'h12, 8'h7F, 8'h10}; // 52 4
mem[ 53] = {8'h27, 8'h45, 8'h45, 8'h45, 8'h39}; // 53 5
mem[ 54] = {8'h3C, 8'h4A, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h30}; // 54 6
mem[ 55] = {8'h01, 8'h71, 8'h09, 8'h05, 8'h03}; // 55 7
mem[ 56] = {8'h36, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h36}; // 56 8
mem[ 57] = {8'h06, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h29, 8'h1E}; // 57 9
mem[ 58] = {8'h00, 8'h36, 8'h36, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 58 :
mem[ 59] = {8'h00, 8'h56, 8'h36, 8'h00, 8'h00}; // 59 ;
mem[ 60] = {8'h08, 8'h14, 8'h22, 8'h41, 8'h00}; // 60 <
mem[ 61] = {8'h14, 8'h14, 8'h14, 8'h14, 8'h14}; // 61 =
mem[ 62] = {8'h00, 8'h41, 8'h22, 8'h14, 8'h08}; // 62 >
mem[ 63] = {8'h02, 8'h01, 8'h51, 8'h09, 8'h06}; // 63 ?
mem[ 64] = {8'h32, 8'h49, 8'h59, 8'h51, 8'h3E}; // 64 @
mem[ 65] = {8'h7C, 8'h12, 8'h11, 8'h12, 8'h7C}; // 65 A
mem[ 66] = {8'h7F, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h36}; // 66 B
mem[ 67] = {8'h3E, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h22}; // 67 C
mem[ 68] = {8'h7F, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h22, 8'h1C}; // 68 D
mem[ 69] = {8'h7F, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h41}; // 69 E
mem[ 70] = {8'h7F, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h01}; // 70 F
mem[ 71] = {8'h3E, 8'h41, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h7A}; // 71 G
mem[ 72] = {8'h7F, 8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h08, 8'h7F}; // 72 H
mem[ 73] = {8'h00, 8'h41, 8'h7F, 8'h41, 8'h00}; // 73 I
mem[ 74] = {8'h20, 8'h40, 8'h41, 8'h3F, 8'h01}; // 74 J
mem[ 75] = {8'h7F, 8'h08, 8'h14, 8'h22, 8'h41}; // 75 K
mem[ 76] = {8'h7F, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40}; // 76 L
mem[ 77] = {8'h7F, 8'h02, 8'h0C, 8'h02, 8'h7F}; // 77 M
mem[ 78] = {8'h7F, 8'h04, 8'h08, 8'h10, 8'h7F}; // 78 N
mem[ 79] = {8'h3E, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h3E}; // 79 O
mem[ 80] = {8'h7F, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h09, 8'h06}; // 80 P
mem[ 81] = {8'h3E, 8'h41, 8'h51, 8'h21, 8'h5E}; // 81 Q
mem[ 82] = {8'h7F, 8'h09, 8'h19, 8'h29, 8'h46}; // 82 R
mem[ 83] = {8'h46, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h49, 8'h31}; // 83 S
mem[ 84] = {8'h01, 8'h01, 8'h7F, 8'h01, 8'h01}; // 84 T
mem[ 85] = {8'h3F, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h3F}; // 85 U
mem[ 86] = {8'h1F, 8'h20, 8'h40, 8'h20, 8'h1F}; // 86 V
mem[ 87] = {8'h3F, 8'h40, 8'h38, 8'h40, 8'h3F}; // 87 W
mem[ 88] = {8'h63, 8'h14, 8'h08, 8'h14, 8'h63}; // 88 X
mem[ 89] = {8'h07, 8'h08, 8'h70, 8'h08, 8'h07}; // 89 Y
mem[ 90] = {8'h61, 8'h51, 8'h49, 8'h45, 8'h43}; // 90 Z
mem[ 91] = {8'h00, 8'h7F, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h00}; // 91 [
mem[ 92] = {8'h55, 8'h2A, 8'h55, 8'h2A, 8'h55}; // 92 .
mem[ 93] = {8'h00, 8'h41, 8'h41, 8'h7F, 8'h00}; // 93 ]
mem[ 94] = {8'h04, 8'h02, 8'h01, 8'h02, 8'h04}; // 94 ^
mem[ 95] = {8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h40}; // 95 _
mem[ 96] = {8'h00, 8'h01, 8'h02, 8'h04, 8'h00}; // 96 '
mem[ 97] = {8'h20, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h78}; // 97 a
mem[ 98] = {8'h7F, 8'h48, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h38}; // 98 b
mem[ 99] = {8'h38, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h20}; // 99 c
mem[100] = {8'h38, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h48, 8'h7F}; // 100 d
mem[101] = {8'h38, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h18}; // 101 e
mem[102] = {8'h08, 8'h7E, 8'h09, 8'h01, 8'h02}; // 102 f
mem[103] = {8'h18, 8'hA4, 8'hA4, 8'hA4, 8'h7C}; // 103 g
mem[104] = {8'h7F, 8'h08, 8'h04, 8'h04, 8'h78}; // 104 h
mem[105] = {8'h00, 8'h44, 8'h7D, 8'h40, 8'h00}; // 105 i
mem[106] = {8'h40, 8'h80, 8'h84, 8'h7D, 8'h00}; // 106 j
mem[107] = {8'h7F, 8'h10, 8'h28, 8'h44, 8'h00}; // 107 k
mem[108] = {8'h00, 8'h41, 8'h7F, 8'h40, 8'h00}; // 108 l
mem[109] = {8'h7C, 8'h04, 8'h18, 8'h04, 8'h78}; // 109 m
mem[110] = {8'h7C, 8'h08, 8'h04, 8'h04, 8'h78}; // 110 n
mem[111] = {8'h38, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h44, 8'h38}; // 111 o
mem[112] = {8'hFC, 8'h24, 8'h24, 8'h24, 8'h18}; // 112 p
mem[113] = {8'h18, 8'h24, 8'h24, 8'h18, 8'hFC}; // 113 q
mem[114] = {8'h7C, 8'h08, 8'h04, 8'h04, 8'h08}; // 114 r
mem[115] = {8'h48, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h54, 8'h20}; // 115 s
mem[116] = {8'h04, 8'h3F, 8'h44, 8'h40, 8'h20}; // 116 t
mem[117] = {8'h3C, 8'h40, 8'h40, 8'h20, 8'h7C}; // 117 u
mem[118] = {8'h1C, 8'h20, 8'h40, 8'h20, 8'h1C}; // 118 v
mem[119] = {8'h3C, 8'h40, 8'h30, 8'h40, 8'h3C}; // 119 w
mem[120] = {8'h44, 8'h28, 8'h10, 8'h28, 8'h44}; // 120 x
mem[121] = {8'h1C, 8'hA0, 8'hA0, 8'hA0, 8'h7C}; // 121 y
mem[122] = {8'h44, 8'h64, 8'h54, 8'h4C, 8'h44}; // 122 z
end
endmodule
Oled代码根据电子森林内提供的示例代码进行了少许的修改，能够正常、稳定地显示数据。
三、项目实施经验
串口模块非常容易产生误码，并且不适宜进行长时间的持续通信，我认为可以采用的方法有两种，一种是增加冗余信息，校验数据。另外一种是降低通信频率，减少积累效应。
我采用的方法是降低通信频率并重复发送数据，每0.2秒发送一次数据，降低了积累的延迟导致的数据错误问题。事实证明这种方法非常有效，数据非常稳定。
